HYPEROPIA
HYPEROPIA TREATMENT
Hyperopia is a condition of the eye in which light is focused behind, instead of on the retina with accommodation being at rest. But, due to this accommodative effort for distant vision, people may complain asthenopic symptoms while constant reading. Some hypermetropes can see clear at distance, but near vision may be blurred due to insufficient accommodation. For this reason, this defect is referred as farsightedness. If the hypermetropia is high, there will be defective vision for both distance and near
What are the Types of Hyperopia?
If we classify the types of hyperopia in general, three clinical types can be mentioned; Axial hyperopia, Curvature hyperopia, Refractive hyperopia
1 - Axial Hyperopia
The most common type is axial hyperopia. The anterior-posterior axis of the eye is smaller than normal. A shortness of 1 millimeter in the anteroposterior axis can cause approximately 3 diopters of hyperopia.
The anterior-posterior axis of the eye is 17.9-18 mm at birth in boys and 17.7-17.8 mm in girls, reaches 23.2 millimeters in boys at the age of 3 and 22.5 millimeters in girls. Then, until the age of 15, the elongation of the anterior-posterior axis shows a much less increase speed than the first years and generally stops at these ages. It is observed that the growth of the eyeball in the first years after birth is much faster.
Depending on the genetic predisposition in some people, eyeball elongation may not occur as normal. In these cases, axial hypermetropia is observed.
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2 - Curvature Hyperopia
Corneal curvature decreases and hyperopia is observed on the patients with corneal plana disorder. This type of hyperopia is called curvature hyperopia. 1 millimeter excess in the cornea radius causes approximately 6 diopters of hyperopia.
3 - Refractive Hyperopia
One of the causes of hyperopia is the decrease in the refraction of the lens. By observing the development of the natural lens of the eye, the weight of the natural lens is 65 milligrams at birth, is doubled in a year, and triples in eighty years. The natural lens of a newborn baby is spherical and its refraction is approximately 42.7 diopters. When the newborn baby is 1 year old, the lens flattens and reduces its refraction. Physiological flattening of the lens increases the tendency to refractive hyperopia of elderly people. In addition, hypermetropia is observed in individuals with systemic diseases such as diabetes due to the decrease in lens refraction.